Review for Test 4

1. Be able to sketch a confined aquifer (Bighorn Basin) and unconfined aquifer (Walnut Cove, NC).
2. What is the difference between porosity and permeability?
3. Be able to calculate a groundwater gradient, determining flow direction. Use Darcy's Law to calculate velocity.
4. Sketch the hydrologic cycle, labelling each part and indicating with arrows the direction of groundwater movement.
5. Who are competing users for the water in the reservoir behind a dam? How are they affected seasonally?
6. Where is most of the world's water? How is it used?
7. What is saltwater intrusion?
8. What are three reasons oil prices are currently so high?
9. Explain the process by which petroleum forms.
10. Explain the process by which coal forms.
11. Where does the U.S. get much of its oil?
12. What is the difference between renewable and non-renewable energy?
13. What is the greenhouse effect? Be able to sketch it.
14. Explain briefly the controversy over global warming.
15. How does natural resource use relate to population growth?
16. What are the two most effective ways to slow human population growth? Why?
17. What happened at Lake Peigneur?
18. What is the link between the OPEC oil embargo and third-world debt?
19. What are the main processes in soil formation?
20. How have we attempted to overcome soil erosion from water and wind?
21. How do deserts form? Know the five ways. Be able to sketch a rain-shadow desert.