Review for Test 3

1. What is risk? Define it, including its two components. Apply the concept to auto insurance, earthquakes, floods, and other natural hazards.
2. Compare the three main approaches for analyzing risk. Apply them to a decision.
3. How do earthquakes transmit energy? How does this allow us to determine the epicenter? What scales are used to quantify earthquakes?
4. What is the relationship between plate tectonics and the location of earthquakes and volcanoes?
5. What is viscosity? How are mafic and felsic magmas related to temperature, viscosity, and explosivity?
6. What are the different types of volcanoes? How do they compare in shape and size? What are their hazards?
7. What is the difference between absolute and relative sea level? How do plate tectonics, subsidence, and climate affect sea level?
8. Be able to sketch tidal ranges and wetlands, indicating the type of vegetation that is adapted to growing there.
9. What is an estuary? Why is it important?
10. How do waves form and move? Why do they break?
11. What is wave refraction? Sketch it.
12. What is longshore drift?
13. Who was Oetzi?
14. What are the two main types of glaciers?
15. What are several type of glacial effects upon landscape?
16. Why do we have ice ages?
17. What is a drainage basin? What are several common drainage patterns?
18. Explain how water enters a stream and affects its discharge.
19. What is a stream profile? How does a stream change as you go from its headwaters to its mouth?
20. What are meandering streams? What is a meander cutoff? a cutbank? a point bar?
21. What is a braided stream? Where do they form?
22. What are the features of a floodplain?
23. What is a delta? Why does it form?
24. Be able to explain the 1993 Mississippi River flood.